<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ingenerf, Josef</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linder, Roland</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Assessing Applicability of Ontological Principles to Different Types of Biomedical Vocabularies</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methods of information in medicine</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methods Inf Med</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knowledge</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medical Informatics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medical Subject Headings</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Subject Headings</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terminology as Topic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">United States</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vocabulary, Controlled</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">48</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">459-67</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OBJECTIVES: Recently, ontological principles have been applied to numerous biomedical vocabularies, with the intention to identify mistakes and poor modeling decisions. No doubt, such applications are useful and necessary for terminological systems like SNOMEDCT based on an axiomatic logical formalism.

METHODS: In the following review, ontology is dealt with by focussing on particularly two aspects: the problem of ISA-overloading and the intrusion of epistemology-loaded terms in biomedical vocabularies. Both aspects are considered with respect to three types of biomedical vocabularies.

RESULTS: Opposed to concept-oriented terminological systems, the purpose-specific organization of descriptors in thesauri and classes in statistical classifications on an extra aggregation level make it impossible to apply ontological principles. On the contrary, their intended purpose presupposes specific mechanisms that are in conflict with those principles.

CONCLUSIONS: Interestingly, for thesauri and classifications there are rather similar initiatives linking the extra level of descriptors and classes on the one hand and an intermediate concept level on the other hand. Such an approach proved beneficial for maintaining and translating thesauri and classifications.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19448888?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>