@article {905,
	title = {Cloud-Based Evaluation of Anatomical Structure Segmentation and Landmark Detection Algorithms: VISCERAL Anatomy Benchmarks.},
	journal = {IEEE transactions on medical imaging},
	volume = {35},
	year = {2016},
	month = {2016 Jun 9},
	pages = {2459-2475},
	abstract = {Variations in the shape and appearance of anatomical structures in medical images are often relevant radiological signs of disease. Automatic tools can help automate parts of this manual process. A cloud-based evaluation framework is presented in this paper including results of benchmarking current state-of-the-art medical imaging algorithms for anatomical structure segmentation and landmark detection: the VISCERAL Anatomy benchmarks. The algorithms are implemented in virtual machines in the cloud where participants can only access the training data and can be run privately by the benchmark administrators to objectively compare their performance in an unseen common test set. Overall, 120 computed tomography and magnetic resonance patient volumes were manually annotated to create a standard Gold Corpus containing a total of 1295 structures and 1760 landmarks. Ten participants contributed with automatic algorithms for the organ segmentation task, and three for the landmark localization task. Different algorithms obtained the best scores in the four available imaging modalities and for subsets of anatomical structures. The annotation framework, resulting data set, evaluation setup, results and performance analysis from the three VISCERAL Anatomy benchmarks are presented in this article. Both the VISCERAL data set and Silver Corpus generated with the fusion of the participant algorithms on a larger set of non-manually-annotated medical images are available to the research community.},
	issn = {1558-254X},
	doi = {10.1109/TMI.2016.2578680},
	author = {Jimenez-Del-Toro, Oscar and Muller, Henning and Krenn, Markus and Gruenberg, Katharina and Taha, Abdel Aziz and Winterstein, Marianne and Eggel, Ivan and Foncubierta-Rodriguez, Antonio and Goksel, Orcun and Jakab, Andras and Kontokotsios, Georgios and Langs, Georg and Menze, Bjoern and Salas Fernandez, Tomas and Schaer, Roger and Walleyo, Anna and Weber, Marc-Andre and Dicente Cid, Yashin and Gass, Tobias and Heinrich, Mattias P. and Jia, Fucang and Kahl, Fredrik and Kechichian, Razmig and Mai, Dominic and Spanier, Assaf and Vincent, Graham and Wang, Chunliang and Wyeth, Daniel and Hanbury, Allan}
}
